JDK 19: The new features in Java 19

Java Progress Kit 19, because of this September, is now function-finish, and is now in a next rampdown section. Seven functions focus on the launch which include structured concurrency, report designs, a preview of a overseas operate and memory API, and assist for the open resource Linux/RISC-V instruction established architecture (ISA).

With this hottest milestone in the launch procedure for typical Java, other prepared capabilities such as common generics and benefit objects will have to wait for a later version of the system. JDK 19 follows the March 22 arrival of JDK 18. Typical Java is on a six-month release cadence.

JDK 19 is slated to be formally released for output use on September 20, preceded by launch candidates to be printed August 11 and August 25. An preliminary rampdown section was attained final thirty day period. Early access builds of JDK 19 can be accessed from jdk.java.net/19. The JDK 19 capabilities contain:

• Structured concurrency, in an incubator section, is supposed to simplify multithreaded programming via a structured concurrency API. This concurrency treats multiple responsibilities working in unique threads as a one device of perform, to streamline error handling and cancellation. Reliability and observability are enhanced.
• A preview of report patterns, to deconstruct report values. Record designs and kind styles can be nested to permit a declarative, impressive, and composable form of knowledge navigation and processing. Objectives of the proposal include extending pattern matching to convey extra refined, composable data queries even though not altering the syntax or semantics of kind styles. This proposal builds on sample matching for instanceof, shipped in JDK 16  in March 2021. Long term designs may perhaps contact for file patterns to be extended with abilities such as array designs and vararg styles. Record styles is section of Task Amber, an work to discover and incubate more compact, efficiency-oriented Java options.
• A preview of a international operate and memory API, which would introduce an API by which Java packages can interoperate with code and info outside the house the Java runtime. By competently invoking international capabilities (i.e., code outside the house the JVM) and properly accessing foreign memory (i.e., memory not managed by the JVM) the API allows Java courses to simply call indigenous libraries and course of action native knowledge without having the danger and brittleness of the Java Native Interface (JNI). The overseas functionality and memory API brings together two earlier incubating APIs: the foreign memory accessibility API and the overseas linker API. The international purpose and memory API was previously incubated in JDK 17 and reincubated in JDK 18. The proposal’s aims consist of simplicity of use, overall performance, generality, and basic safety.
• A preview of virtual threads, which are lightweight threads that significantly cut down the work of writing, sustaining, and observing high-throughput, concurrent applications. Aims incorporate enabling server apps prepared in the very simple thread-for every-request type to scale with around-ideal hardware utilization, enabling existing code that takes advantage of the java.lang Thread API to undertake digital threads with minimum alter, and allow troubleshooting, debugging, and profiling of virtual threads with existing JDK resources. It is not a goal of this proposal to adjust the simple concurrency design in Java or offer a new information parallelism build in both the Java language or Java libraries. Nor is it a goal to eliminate the common implementation of threads or to silently migrate current apps to use digital threads.
• A third preview of sample matching for change expressions and statements, extending pattern matching to change, to make it possible for an expression to be examined in opposition to a selection of designs, each individual with a certain action, so elaborate facts-oriented queries can be expressed concisely and safely. This capability formerly was previewed in JDK 17 and JDK 18. The third preview would insert refinements like the alternative of guarded designs with when clauses in change blocks. Also, the runtime semantics of a sample swap when the price of the selector expression is null are extra carefully aligned with legacy swap semantics. The plan’s targets include things like growing the expressiveness and applicability of switch expressions and statements by making it possible for designs to show up in circumstance labels. Other aims incorporate letting builders to unwind the historic null-hostility of swap when ideal, increasing the safety of change statements and making certain that current switch expressions and statements keep on to compile with no improvements and execute with similar semantics.
• A fourth incubation of a vector API that would convey vector computations that reliably compile at runtime to best vector guidelines on supported CPU architectures, therefore attaining general performance exceptional to equal scalar computations. Builders using the API achieve a way to produce intricate vector algorithms in Java, using the HotSpot automobile-vectorizer but with a consumer product that makes vectorizations far more predictable and strong. The vector API earlier was incubated into JDK 16, JDK 17, and JDK 19.
  Advancements to the API proposed for JDK 19 involve enhancements to load and retail outlet vectors to and from MemorySegments, as described by the International Operate and Memory API preview. JDK 19 would also incorporate two cross-lane vector operations, compress and extend, jointly with a complementary vector mask compress operation. The compress vector procedure maps lanes of a source vector, selected by a mask, to a destination vector in lane get, even though the extend procedure does the inverse. The compress procedure is beneficial in filtering question results.
  In yet another addition to the vector API, bitwise integral lanewise operations would be expanded, such as operations these counting the variety of one particular bits, reversing the purchase of bits, and compressing and increasing bits. Plans of the API provided being very clear and concise, system-agnostic, having reputable runtime and compilation efficiency on x64 and AArch64 architectures, and enabling “swish” degradation, for situations in which a vector computation are not able to be thoroughly expressed at runtime as a sequence of vector operations.
• With the Linux/RISC-V port, Java would get assist for a components instruction established that is by now supported by a large range of language toolchains. RISC-V really is a household of similar ISAs. The Linux/RISC-V port would only support the RV64GV configuration of RISC-V, a basic purpose 64-bit ISA that involves vector instructions. The builders of Java may perhaps look at other RISC-V configurations in the future.

The port would guidance the adhering to HotSpot VM selections: the template interpreter, C1 (consumer) JIT compiler, C2 (server) JIT compiler, and all present-day mainline rubbish collectors together with ZGC and Shenandoah. The real porting is almost full the concentration of the JDK Improvement Proposal (JEP) is integration of the port into the JDK mainline repository.

Like JDK 18, JDK 19 is thanks to be a brief-phrase launch, with only six months of best-degree, Premier guidance.

The previous release, JDK 17, was a Prolonged Time period Support (LTS) release, with a number of a long time of assistance. It arrived September 14, 2021.